HCV is transmitted primarily through large or repeated percutaneous exposures to infections blood, such as 
  • Injection drug use (most common means of HCV transmission in the United States)
  • Receipt of donated blood, blood products, and organs 
  • Needlestick injuries in health care settings
  • Birth to an HCV-infected mother 

HCV can also be spread infrequently through 
  • Sex with an HCV-infected person 
  • Sharing personal items contaminated with infectious blood, such as razors or toothbrushes