Clear communication, simplifying tasks and shorter gatherings during the holidays is recommended for people living with dementia.From disrupted routines to sensory overload, holiday traditions can sometimes bring confusion and distress for those living with dementia.

To help families navigate these challenges, Rita Jablonski, Ph.D., professor at the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing and expert in dementia care, shares practical ways to preserve holiday joy while supporting the comfort of loved ones.

Reducing holiday stress

Dementia refers to a group of conditions caused by abnormal brain changes that damage brain cells, leading to progressive loss of cognitive function. These changes can interfere with memory, communication and behavior, often altering daily life and relationships.

“As people lose brain cells, they are less able to filter out noise and activity, with sights and sounds bombarding their senses and resulting in feelings of overwhelm and irritability,” Jablonski said. “This is why a person living with dementia may want to leave an event within minutes of arriving.”

Families can help reduce stress by reimagining holiday events and gatherings.

“If attending a large holiday party, ask the host if there is a quiet area where the person living with dementia may sit with one or two people, away from the noise and chaos,” she added. “Another option is to bring the party to them in the form of shorter, smaller gatherings.”

Taking these steps can help make holiday events more comfortable and enjoyable for everyone involved.

Communicating effectively

Clear and simple communication is essential during holiday activities. Jablonski emphasizes the importance of speaking in short or direct statements and allowing time for a person with dementia to respond, as they may struggle to understand complex sentences.

“This approach reduces confusion and helps the person feel more in control of simple tasks, making these interactions less stressful,” Jablonski said.

Decision-making can become challenging, particularly when faced with many options.

“Caregivers can help by simplifying options, asking questions like ‘Biscuit or crescent roll?’ or ‘Coffee or tea?’” Jablonski said. “When you know your loved one’s preferences, focus on those and skip the rest: ‘Look, Mom, there is fried shrimp and coleslaw, your favorites!’”

Memory lapses can create anxiety, especially around names or less familiar relatives. At gatherings, Jablonski recommends that relatives and friends introduce themselves to the individual and add some context.

Maintaining routines and increasing participation

For those with dementia, maintaining consistent routines is essential during the holiday season.

“It’s important to keep regular wake-up and bedtimes and stick to familiar mealtimes, especially if medications need to be taken with food,” Jablonski said. “If your loved one attends a day program or respite care that remains open during the holidays, continuing attendance can provide stability and a sense of normalcy.”

Families can help loved ones participate in holiday activities without their becoming overwhelmed. According to Jablonski, choosing shorter and less crowded community events or religious services can make participation more manageable.

Even with these precautions, overstimulation can occur. Family and caregivers should have an exit strategy planned. For example, Jablonski recommends families travel in separate vehicles to allow some members to stay at an event if the person with dementia has to leave.

Resources and thoughtful gift ideas

Practical, meaningful gifts can make a difference for the person living with dementia.

“Consider gift cards for meal or grocery delivery services,” Jablonski said. “These can save time and reduce stress for caregivers who cannot leave their loved one unattended.”

Another gift option is a creating a custom coupon book.

“This can include gestures such as ‘take Dad on an outing’ or ‘stay with Aunt Carol when needed,’ giving caregivers valuable time for appointments, rest or personal recharge,” she said.

Families caring for someone with dementia have access to helpful resources and support.

The Area Agencies on Aging can be reached at 1-800-AGE-LINE and offers information on caregiving programs, services and other community support systems to assist families throughout the holiday season.