Sara Gould, M.D., MPH, associate professor in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, is an author of a recently published article titled “A novel equestrian helmet testing method: helmet liner performance in highly realistic simulation.”

The study, which was published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, evaluated Multi Directional Impact Protection System (MIPS) helmet technology on rotational velocity and acceleration during head impact.

Using an anthropomorphic test device (ATD)–also known as a crash dummy–a track, and a moving sled, researchers recreated a fall from a specific height to test the effectiveness of various helmets. A tripping mechanism also caused the ATD to rotate while falling to the ground. Specific items were then measured, including how fast the head rotated, the force of impact, and how long it lasted.

Helmets used in the study included expanded polystyrene foam (EPS) and two types of MIPS helmets, MIPS 1 and MIPS 2. Results determined that there was not a considerable difference when comparing the EPS helmet individually with the MPS 1 or MPS 2 helmets. However, according to the study, “when MIPS helmet data were pooled, and the EPS helmet data were compared, a statistically significant difference in the duration of acceleration was found.”

Overall, researchers did not see major differences between helmets when it came to reducing rotational forces on the brain. However, data suggested that MIPS liners may decrease impact duration, potentially reducing strain on the neck by absorbing these forces.