Displaying items by tag: department of microbiology

Lung-resident memory B cells produced during influenza are long-living immune cells that migrate to the lungs from draining lymph nodes and lie in wait as early responders that can quickly react to future infections. They are key sentinels against subsequent viral variants.
This is the first direct evidence that resident microbiota can have a significant impact on the establishment and pathology of infection by two different human-specific pathogens.
Some PD-1+CXCR5+CD4+ T cells will become germinal center-Tfh cells that are essential for B cells to become high-affinity antibody-producing cells. Others do not take that path, instead becoming memory T cells.
Researchers identify a new target to fight infections caused by the opportunistic lung pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae — interference with the bacteria’s fermentation metabolism.
These effector memory B cells appear poised for a rapid serum antibody response upon secondary challenge one year later, and evidence shows that the cells in this subset differ from all previously described memory B cell subsets.
The clinical trial focused on very young children, who have a more rapid loss of the pancreatic beta cells than do adolescents. The trial was constrained to a low-dose level, but showed safety and tolerability and reduced serum glucagon, a secondary outcome.
Basic research in bacteria has led Michael Niederweis and Moon Nahm to 17 U.S. patents and various new technologies with real impacts on the welfare of society.
ohn Kearney, Ph.D., Distinguished Professor of Microbiology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, has been named a 2023 Distinguished Fellow of the American Association of Immunologists.
High-resolution knowledge of structure is a key link between viral biology and potential therapeutic use of the virus to quell bacterial infections.
Insights that are not possible with conventional two-dimensional platforms include characterization of obliterated airways in tuberculosis and hemorrhage from ruptured blood vessels in COVID-19 lungs, at near-microscopic levels.
A novel activity against hypothiocyanite has been found for an E. coli enzyme and homologs enzymes in Streptococcus, Staphylococcus and Bacteroides species, with implications for diseases like cystic fibrosis and inflammatory bowel disease.
This monoclonal antibody cocktail is deliverable via a nasal dose, and it is also effective against SARS, MERS and several coronavirus cold viruses. The antibodies are engineered for long-acting effectiveness, potentially lasting a year or more when used in humans.
X-ray crystallography revealed the structure of the HIV-1 matrix protein at 2.1 angstroms resolution, advancing understanding of key mechanisms of viral assembly.
This discovery validates siderophore secretion as a drug target in tuberculosis and reveals a new mechanism for putative drugs. Many tuberculosis bacteria are highly resistant to multiple antibiotics.
Researchers show how two types of immune cells — one a part of the innate immune system and the other a part of the adaptive immune system — play distinct and indispensable roles in the colon to defend against pathogenic bacteria.
Page 1 of 8